Bash cannot see PATH update

I am running Debian on a VM. I login to the GUI and go to Applications > Accessories > Terminal.

# echo shell: /bin/bash

I modified ENV_SUPATH, ENV_PATH inside of /etc/login.defs. I restarted the shell. In superuser mode echo $PATH shows my update. In normal mode echo $PATH does not show my update. I added and modified ~/.bash_profile. I still can't see my change and I'm starting to chase my tail.

/etc/login.defs contents:

ENV_SUPATH      PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/home/brian/.linuxbrew/bin
ENV_PATH        PATH=/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/local/games:/usr/games:/home/brian/.linuxbrew/bin

~/.bash_profile:

PATH=/home/brian/.linuxbrew/bin:$PATH

How can I troubleshoot and resolve this?